Massey Research Online
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Ahead of the New Zealand election, Todd Muller’s resignation is a National nightmare – and a sign of a toxic political culture
(The Conversation Media Group Ltd, 2020-07-14) Shaw R
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Contrasting styles, some substance: 5 experts on the first TV leaders’ debate of NZ’s election
(The Conversation Media Group Ltd, 2020-09-22) Duncan G; Hayward B; Godfery M; Shaw R; Wiles S
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Alfalfa adapts to soil nutrient surplus and deficiency by adjusting the stoichiometric characteristics of main organs and nutrient reabsorption
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2025-12-01) Sun Y; Hui J; Yang K; Wei K; Wang X; Cartmill AD; López IF; Qi Y; Ma C; Zhang Q
Accurate nutrient diagnosis is essential for simulating alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) yield and optimizing resource-use efficiency under diverse soil nutrient conditions. However, limited knowledge exists about how fertilization impacts soil–plant nutrient stoichiometric constraints, especially in nutrient-deficient gray desert soils. This study conducted a field experiment with four nitrogen (N) application rates: 0, 60, 120, and 180 kg N∙ha−1 and four phosphorus (P) application rates: 0, 50, 100, and 150 kg P2O5∙ha−1. We assessed changes in the nutrient limitation characteristics of alfalfa and identified its primary driving factors, focusing on soil nutrient perspectives, nutrient distribution in main organs (leaves, shoots, and roots) and nutrient resorption. The results demonstrated that fertilization increased N and P concentrations in various alfalfa organs while reducing carbon (C) content. A strong synergy was observed in nutrient concentrations across the different alfalfa organs. With increasing application of single-nutrient fertilizers, the C:N and C:P ratios in alfalfa organs decreased, while the N:P ratio stabilized under conditions of sufficient or co-limiting soil N and P. Alfalfa N:P ratios under different fertilization treatments were 4.89–5.46 in roots, 6.19–8.45 in stems, and 9.10–15.16 in leaves. The C:N and C:P ratios were significantly negatively correlated with alfalfa yield, but the relationship between the N:P ratio and yield was not statistically significant. Soil nutrient status positively influenced N and P concentrations in leaves, stems, and roots, however, their effect on stoichiometric ratios was primarily mediated through indirect effects on corresponding organ-level nutrients. Moreover, soil nutrients directly or indirectly explained 98% of the variation in nutrient resorption in leaves. In conclusion, fertilization indirectly affects the stoichiometric characteristics of alfalfa organs via soil nutrients. Adjusting fertilizer nutrient ratios can mitigate nutrient limitations in both soil and alfalfa, providing valuable insights for fertilizer formulation, timing of fertilizer application, and fertilization application strategies. Highlights 1.Fertilization alters the C-N-P stoichiometry of the soil–plant system. 2.The stoichiometric characteristics and ratios of different organs exhibit a certain degree of synergy. 3.Stoichiometric ratios can represent nutrient limitation to a certain extent. 4.Soil nutrient changes affect the stoichiometric characteristics and ratios of alfalfa.
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The relationships between sporadic and repetitive non-suicidal self-injury and mental disorders among first-year college students: results from the World Mental Health International College Student Initiative
(Cambridge University Press, 2025-09-25) Hasking P; Kiekens G; Petukhova MV; Albor Y; Al-Hadi A; Alonso J; Al-Saud N; Altwaijri Y; Andersson C; Atwoli L; Muaka CA; Báez-Mansur P; Ballester L; Bantjes J; Baumeister H; Bendtsen M; Benjet C; Berman A; Bruffaerts R; Carrasco P; Chan S; Cohut I; Couder MCD; Cristóbal-Narvaez P; Cuijpers P; David O; Dong D; Ebert D; Gaete J; Forero CG; Gutiérrez-García R; Haro J; Hunt X; Hurks P; Husky M; Jaguga F; Jansen L; Jiménez-Pérez A; Kählke F; Klinkenberg E; Langer Á; Lee S; Lima RA; Liu Y; Lochner C; Mac-Ginty S; Martínez V; Mason A; McLafferty M; Mori T; Murray E; Musyoka C; Nedelcea C; Núñez D; O’Neill S; Piqueras J; Popescu C; Rapsey C; Robinson K; Roca M; Rodriguez-Jimenez T; Salemink E; Sampson N; Scarf D; Siu O-L; Stein D; Struijs SY; Tomoiaga C; Valdés-García K; van der Heijde C; Vigo D; Voorspoels W; Wang A; Wong S; Nock M; Kessler R; World Mental Health - International College Student collaborators
Background. Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is associated with mental disorders, yet work regarding the direction of this association is inconsistent. We examined the prevalence, comorbidity, time–order associations with mental disorders, and sex differences in sporadic and repetitive NSSI among emerging adults.
Methods. We used survey data from n = 72,288 first-year college students as part of the World Mental Health-International College Student Survey Initiative (WMH-ICS) to explore time–order associations between onset of NSSI and mental disorders, based on retrospective age-of-onset reports using discrete-time survival models. We distinguished between sporadic (1–5 lifetime episodes) and repetitive (≥6 lifetime episodes) NSSI in relation to DSM-5 mood, anxiety, and externalizing disorders.
Results. We estimated a lifetime NSSI rate of 24.5%, with approximately half reporting sporadic NSSI and half repetitive NSSI. The time–order associations between onset of NSSI and mental disorders were bidirectional, but mental disorders were stronger predictors of the onset of NSSI (median RR = 1.94) than vice versa (median RR = 1.58). These associations were stronger among individuals engaging in repetitive rather than sporadic NSSI. While associations between NSSI and mental disorders generally did not differ by sex, repetitive NSSI was a stronger predictor for the onset of subsequent substance use disorders among females compared to males. Most mental disorders marginally increased the risk for persistent repetitive NSSI (median RR = 1.23).
Conclusions. Our findings offer unique insights into the temporal order between NSSI and mental disorders. Further work exploring the mechanism underlying these associations will pave the way for early identification and intervention of both NSSI and mental disorders.
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Employee change orientation (echo) framework: A meta-review and taxonomy
(Cambridge University Press in association with Australian and New Zealand Academy of Management, 2025-10-01) Brazzale P; Cooper-Thomas H; Smollan RK; Haar J
Given the ubiquity of organizational change, it is fitting that considerable research has focused on employees’ responses to change, much of it collated in review articles. With the aim of integrating this diverse review literature and providing an employee-centric theorization, we provide a meta-review, a systematic review of reviews. We present the meta-construct of employee change orientation (EChO), which aggregates employee responses, attitudes, behaviors, and the associated psychological mechanisms related to organizational change. Our meta-review includes 50 scholarly reviews published between 2001 and June 2025, drawing on 1,606 primary studies. Through a synthesis of these reviews, we present the EChO framework and taxonomy. We identify areas for improvement, particularly for research design, and generate key insights for change practitioners working with employees experiencing change. Our meta-review contributes by clarifying well-researched areas, extending theorizing, and highlighting the need for further research to understand how employee responses to change influence outcomes.